Kochia is a challenge for many grain growers in Western Canada. Its ability to tolerate hot, dry and saline environments severely threatens yields if not properly managed. In this article, we’ll explore the best practices for managing kochia, including applying Co-op’s new pre-seed herbicide, Governor.
Why kochia is a persistent problem
Kochia’s resilience makes it a formidable opponent for growers. It thrives in extreme conditions and spreads quickly through its tumbleweed dispersal method, allowing it to invade adjacent fields on windy days. “Adding to the problem is the fact that more than 90 per cent of kochia populations are resistant to Group 2 and Group 9 herbicides, limiting the effectiveness of some traditional weed control methods,” explained Ken Wall, Grow Team Advisor at Federated Co-operatives Limited (FCL).
Kochia also has a competitive advantage due to its ability to self-pollinate and outcross, which increases its genetic diversity. “One plant can produce between 5,000 and 30,000 seeds, allowing it to spread rapidly,” said Wall. “The tiny hairs on its seedlings protect them from moisture loss and block herbicides, making early intervention crucial for effective management.”
Best practices for managing kochia
Effective kochia control requires a proactive and integrated approach throughout the growing season. Here are some of the most effective approaches, according to Wall.
- Spray early. Residual fall-applied herbicides and spring pre-seed applications are crucial to gaining control.
- Use different modes of action (MOAS). Where possible, layer herbicides within one season to prevent resistance development.
- Focus on coverage and water quality. Proper spray coverage is important, especially in areas with high kochia populations.
- Target kochia with every herbicide pass. “Don’t miss a pass — plan to target kochia in every herbicide application,” Wall stressed. “This includes fall-applied residuals, spring pre-seed and in-crop treatments.”
In addition to the above herbicide strategies, Wall suggested managing marginal or saline acres where kochia often gains a foothold. Converting these areas to forages can help them compete with kochia while mowing or cutting patches mid-season can prevent them from setting seed in the fall.
MORE: Extended weed controlIntroducing Governor: A pre-seed herbicide solution for kochia
Governor, Co-op’s new pre-seed herbicide, offers a proactive solution for controlling kochia before it emerges. “Governor targets weeds before they emerge from the ground, meaning growers don’t have to wait until spring seeding to apply,” said Chris Iverson, Private Brand Portfolio Manager at FCL.
Governor is applied to the soil and becomes activated after receiving at least half an inch of rainfall or snowmelt. “Timing is important,” Iverson noted. “If applied in the fall, it’s crucial to ensure soil temperatures are below 10°C to prevent microbial breakdown, which could reduce efficacy by spring.”
The Governor advantage
“Because Governor targets weeds before they emerge, it reduces the need to catch them at the perfect growth stage,” explained Iverson. “This helps prevent kochia from establishing itself and spreading across fields.”
In addition to that, Governor’s flexibility in application—whether in fall or early spring—allows growers to plan their weed control strategy around other farm activities. “Governor can’t be the only tool you use in kochia management, but it’s an important part of a broader strategy,” Iverson emphasized. “By incorporating Governor into a comprehensive weed management plan, growers can reduce kochia populations and prevent future infestations.”
Ask the Grow Team
With the right approach and tools, kochia can be controlled before it impacts your crop. Incorporating Governor as part of your pre-seed herbicide strategy, along with early application and integrated management techniques, will help you stay ahead of this persistent weed.
To learn more about Governor and how it fits into your kochia management strategy, visit your local Co-op Agro Centre or reach out to a Grow Team member for personalized advice. Co-op agronomists can help growers develop customized plans that combine herbicides like Governor with other agronomic practices to tackle kochia effectively.